Undergraduate Course List

Course Title: Functional Mathematics – I
Course Code: MATH-301
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Matrices: Introduction to matrices, types, matrix inverse, determinants, system of linear equations, Cramer’s rule.
Quadratic Equations: Solution of quadratic equations, qualitative analysis of roots of a quadratic equations, equations reducible to quadratic equations, cube roots of unity, relation between roots and coefficients of quadratic equations.
Sequences and series: Arithmetic progression, geometric progression, harmonic progression.
Binomial Theorem: Introduction to mathematical induction, binomial theorem with rational and irrational indices.
Integration and Definite Integrals: Techniques of evaluating indefinite integrals. Integration by substitution, integration by parts, change of variable in indefinite integrals.
Derivatives and their Applications: Differentiable of polynomial, rational and transcendental functions, derivatives.
Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric identities.
Geometry in Two Dimensions: Cartesian-coordinate mesh, slope of a line, equation of line, parallel and perpendicular lines, angle between two lines, distance between two points and a line.
Conic Section: Circle, Equation of a circle, Parabola, Equation of Parabola, ellipse, Equation of Ellipse, hyperbola, the equation of Hyperbola.

Text Books

1. Dolciani MP, Wooton W. Beckenback EF, Sharron S. Algebra 2 and Trigonometry, 1978. Houghton & Mifflin, boston (Suggested Text).
2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry. 1987. PWS-Kent Company, Boston.
3. Anton H, Bevens I, Davis S, Calculus: A New Horizon (8th edition), 2005. John Wiley, New York.
4. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company Boston.
5. Thomas GB, Finney AR, Calculus (11th edition), 2005, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Ma, USA.
6. Abraham S, Analytic Geometry, Scott, Freshman and Company, 1969.

Course Title: Introduction to Soil Science
Course Code: SS-301
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Objectives and Learning Outcome

This course introduces the concepts of soil science for agriculture students at under-graduate level. The students will be able to understand soil properties and their relationship with crop production and environment.

Course Contents

1. Definition of earth, geology and soil science; Disciplines of soil science
2. Factors and processes of soil formation
3. Soil forming rocks and minerals and types of parent material
4. Soil profile description
5. Physical, chemical and biological properties of soil
6. Soil classification and land use capability classes
7. Soil organic matter: Sources, composition and decomposition
8. Soil Fertility: Essential plant nutrients, organic and inorganic sources
9. Salt-affected and waterlogged soils
10. Soil and water conservation
11. Soil and water pollution

Practical

1. Soil sampling and handling
2. Preparation of saturated soil paste and measurement of pHs and ECe
3. Determination of soil water contents
4. Determination of bulk density and total porosity
5. Soil texture: feel and hydrometer methods
6. Irrigation water analysis and interpretation
7. Identification and calculation of nutrient percentage from fertilizer
8. Determination of soil organic matter

Recommanded Books

1. Bashir, E. and R. Bantel. 2001. Soil Science. National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.
2. Brady, N.C. and R.R. Weil. 2007. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 14th Ed. Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
3. Brady, N.C. and R.R. Weil. 2009. Elements of the Nature and Properties of Soils. 3rd Ed. Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
4. Das, D.K. 2011. Introductory Soil Science. 3rd ed. Kalyani Publ. New Delhi-110002, India
5. Hillel, D. 2008. Soil in the Environment: Crucible of Terrestrial Life. Elsevier Inc., Burlington, MA, USA. Singer, M.J. and D.N. Munns. 2002. Soils- An Introduction. 5th Ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.

Course Title: Basic Agriculture
Course Code: AGR-301
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Objectives

To provide the basic knowledge and background about Pakistan’s Agriculture.

Theory

Agriculture, concept, history and importance; Branches and allied sciences in agriculture; Salient features and problems of Pakistan’s agriculture; Climate, weather and seasons of Pakistan, their major characteristics and impact on crop production; Land resources and their utilization; Crop nutrition; Water resources, surface and ground water, canal system; Agro –ecological zones of Pakistan; Farming system; Agro-based industries.

Practical

Land measuring units; Demonstration of hand tools and tillage implements; Identification of meteorological instruments; Identification of crop plant, weeds and seeds; Identification of organic and inorganic fertilizers; Calculation of nutrient-cum-fertilizer unit value; Demonstration of various irrigation methods; Field visits.

Recommanded Books

1. Abbas, M.A. 2006. General Agriculture. Emporium Urdu Bazar, Lahore.
2. Balasubramaniyan, 2004. Principles and Practices of Agronomy. Agrobios, Jodhpur, India.
3. Khalil, I.A. and Jan. 2002. Cropping Technology. National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
4. Khan S.R.A. 2001. Crop Management in Pakistan with Focus on Soil and Water. Directorate of Agricultural Information, Punjab, Lahore.
5. Nazir, M.S., E. Bashir and R. Bantel. (Eds.) 1994. Crop Production. National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
6. Qureshi, M.A. M.A. Zia and M.S. Qureshi. 2006. Pakistan Agriculture Management and Development. A-One Publisher, Urdu Bazar, Lahore.

Course Title: Introductory Entomology
Course Code: ENT-301
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Learning outcomes

The students would be able to:

1. Know about arthropods and especially insects with their morphological features
2. Identify insects of economic importance and acquire working skills for collecting, mounting, and preserving insects.

Theory

Introduction; phylum Arthropoda and its classification; morphology, anatomy and physiology of a typical insects, metamorphosis and its types; insect classification, salient characters of insect orders; examples from major families of economic importance.

Practical

Characters of classes of Arthropoda; collection and preservation of insects; morphology and dissection of a typical insect (digestive, reproductive, excretory, nervous, circulatory and tracheal systems); temporary mounts of different types of appendages of insects.; Observations for types of metamorphosis.

Recommanded Books

1. Ahmad, I. 2010. Hashriat “Insects”, National Book Foundation, Lahore.
2. Awastheir, V.B. 2009, Introduction to General and Applied Entomology, Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur, India.
3. Dhaliwal, G.S. 2007. An Outline of Entomology, Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
4. Elzinga, R.J. 2003. Fundamentals of Entomology, Prentice Hall.
5. Gullan, P.J. and P.S. Cranston. 2010. The insects: An Outline of Entomology, 4th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, A. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication, U.K.
6. Lohar, M.K. 2001. Introductory Entomology, Department of Entomology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan.
7. Richards, O.W. and Davies, R.G. 2004. Imm’s General Tex-book of Entomology, Vol.I, and II, 10th Ed. Chapman & Hall, London, N.Y.
8. Romoser, W.S. and Stoffolano, J.G. 1998. The Science of Entomology, WCB McGraw Hill.
9. Triplenhorn, C.A. and Jhonson, N.F. 2005. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the study of Insects. Brooks Cole. 7th Ed.
10. Trigumayat, M.M. 2009. A Manual of Practical Entomology. 2nd Edition Scientific Publisher (India) Judhpur.
11. Yousuf, M. Tayyab, M. and Shazia, Y. 2007. Manual of Introductory Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
12. Pedigo, L.P. and Marlin, E.R. 2009. Entomology and Pest Management, 6th edition. Person Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, U.S.A.

Course Title: English Text Grammar & Composition
Course Code: ENG-301
Course Credit Hours: 2(2+0)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Basic of Grammar, Parts of speech and use of articles. Sentence structure, active and passive, voice, practice in unified sentence, Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure, Transitive and intransitive verbs, Punctuation and spelling.

Comprehension: Answer to questions on a given text.
Discussion: General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of students).
ListeningTo be improved by showing documentaries carefully selected by subject teachers.
Translation skills
Paragraph writing: Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher
Presentation skills: Introduction

Recommanded Books

1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercise 1. Third edition, Oxford University Pres. 1997. ISBN 0194313492.
2. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition, Oxford University Pres. 1997. ISBN 0194313506.
3. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0194354057 Pages 20-27 and 35-41.
4. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 019453402 2.

Course Title: Introduction to Agriculture Education Extension
Course Code: AEE-301
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

The historical review of Agricultural Education Extension; The concept, meaning, principles, and objectives of Agril. Education Extension; Role of Agril. Education Extension in Rural development; Role of Extension worker in Agril. Development; Approaches to Agril. Education Extension; Nature of Agril. Education Extension; Role of teacher/local leader; Importance of women in Rural development; Contribution of Agril. Education Extension and deficiencies in the present Extension system; Introduction to Extension System in Pakistan; Extension teaching methods; Motivation.

Practical

class; field trip, farm visits, collection of data; interview from different organizations involved in rural development; Report writing, presentation; preparation of organizational charts.

Recommanded Books

1. E. Bashir (Ed.) Extension Methods; National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
2. FAO Manual. Improving Agricultural Extension in Development Countries. FAO, Rome.

Course Title: Islamic Studies / Ethical Behavior
Course Code: IS/EB-301
Course Credit Hours: 2(2+0)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Introduction to Quranic Studies: Basic concepts of Quran, History of Quran, Uloom-ul-Quran.
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran: Verses of Surah Al-Baqra related to Faith (Verse No-284-286), Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat related to Adab Al-Nabi (Verse No. 1-18), Verse of Surah Al-Mumanoon related to characteristics of faithful (Verse No. 1-11), Verse of Surah l-Furqan related to Social Ethics (Verse No. 63-77), Verses of Surah Al-Inam related to Ihkam (Verse No. 152-154).
Introduction to Quranic Studies: Basic concepts of Quran, History of Quran, Uloom-ul-Quran.
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran: Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab related to Adab Al-Nabi (Verse No. 6,21,40,56,57,58), Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) related to thinking, Day of Judgment, Verses of Surah Al-Saf related to Tafakar, Tadabar (Verse No. 1,14).
Serat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W): Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah (Before Prophet Hood), life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah, Important lessons derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah. Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina, Important events of life Holy Prophet in Madina, Important lesson derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina.
Introduction to Sunnah: Basic concepts of Hadith, history of Hadith, Kinds of Hadith, Uloom-ul-Hadith, Sunnah& Hadith and legal position of Sunnah.
Introduction to Quranic Studies: Basic concepts of Quran, History of Quran, Uloom-ul-Quran.
Islam and Science: Basic concept of Islam & Science, contribution of Muslims in the development of science.
Islamic Economic System: Basic concepts of Islamic Economic System Means of distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics, Islamic concept of Riba, Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce.

Course Title: Introductory Horticulture
Course Code: HORT-302
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Introduction, history, importance and future scope, Definition and divisions of horticulture, Classification of horticultural crops, Plant parts, their modifications and functions, Plant environment; climate (temperature, light, humidity etc) and soil (structure, texture, fertility etc.), Phases of plant growth, Propagation of horticultural plants.

Practical

Visit of nurseries, commercial gardens and public parks. Identification and nomenclature of important fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants; Garden tools and their uses, Media and its preparation. Techniques of propagation.

Recommanded Books

1. Chadha, K.L. 2006. Handbook of Horticulture (6th Ed.). ICAR, New Delhi, India.
2. Christopher, E. P. 2012. Introductory Horticulture. Biotech books, new Dehli, India.
3. Carrol,L., J.R.Shry and H.E. Reily. 2011. Introductory Horticulture (8th Ed.) Delmar-Thomson Learning , Albany, USA
4. Hartmann, H.T., D.E. Kester, E.T. Davies and R.L. Geneve. 2009. Plant Propagation–Principles and Practices (7th Ed.). Prentice-Hall India Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
5. Malik, M.N. 1994. Horticulture. National Book Foundations, Islamabad.
6. Peter, K.V. 2009. Basics of Horticulture. New India publishing Agency, New Dehli, India.
7. Reiley, H.E., C.L. Shry (Jr). 2004. Introductory Horticulture (6th Ed.). Delmar- Thomson Learning, Albany, USA.
8. Reddy, R. and Shanker J.P.A. 2008.Horticulture.Commonwealth Publishers.
9. Sharma, R.R. 2002. Propagation of Horticultural Crops: Principles and Practices. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, New Delhi, India.

Course Title: Introduction to Plant Pathogens
Course Code: PP-302
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: Biology (Higher Secondary level)

Theory

Introduction and history of plant pathology; basic characteristics of fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes; concept of disease in plants; economic importance of plant diseases; nature and cause of (biotic and abiotic) diseases; components of plant disease development; diagnosis of plant diseases; principles of plant disease management; Introduction to IDM and IPM; symptoms, etiology, mode of infection, disease cycle and management of representative diseases of agricultural and horticultural crops.

Practical

Demonstration of lab equipment’s and reagents; collection, preservation and identification of plant diseases based on symptoms; isolation and inoculation techniques; demonstration of Koch’s postulates.

Recommanded Books

1. Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant Pathology, 5th edition, Academic Press, New York, USA.
2. Ahmad, I. and A.R. Bhutta. 2005. A Text Book of Introductory Plant Pathology. Published by National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.
3. Chaube, H.S. and R. Singh. 2002. Introductory Plant Pathology. International Book Distributing Co.
4. Hafiz, A. 1986. Plant Diseases. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
5. Mathew, J.D. 2003. Molecular Plant Pathology. Bios Scientific Publishers Ltd. UK.
6. Mehrotra, R.S. and A. Agarwal. 2003. Plant Pathology, 2nd Edition. TATA McGraw-Hill. Pub. Company Ltd. New Delhi.
7. Sambamurty, A.V.S.S. 2006. A Text Book of Plant Pathology. I.K. International Pvt. Ltd.
8. Strange, R.N. 2003. Introduction to Plant Pathology. John Willey & Sons, New York.

Course Title: Introduction to Economics & Agricultural Economics
Course Code: AGEC-302
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Definitions and overview of economics, Subject Matter and Scope, Theory of consumer behavior, Preferences, Utility and Law of diminishing marginal utility, Indifference Curve Analysis, Demand curve and the law of demand. Supply curve and the law of supply, Elasticity of Demand and Supply, Marketing Equilibrium, Market Structures.

Definition, scope, nature and importance of Agriculture economics, Agriculture as industry, its peculiarities, and its role in national economy, Organization and structure of the agricultural Sector, Factors of production and their rewards, Production possibility frontier, Production function, Laws of return, and its significance in agriculture, Choice and decision making in agricultural production. Land utilization and land use policy, Land tenure systems and land reforms, Important of agriculture sector in Pakistan Economy. Issues of agriculture sector in Pakistan.

Books Recommanded

1. Mankiw, N. Gregory. 2003. Principles of Economics (Third Edition). South-Western College Publisher.
2. Hill, Berkeley. 1990. Introduction to Economics for Students of Agriculture. Pergamon Press.
3. Khuwaja, A. Haleem. 2004. Fundamentals of Economics. Ilmee Kitab Khana, Lahore.
4. Samuelson, P.A. and Nordhaus, W.D. 2004. Economics (Eighteenth Edition). McGraw Hill, Inc.
5. Cramer, G. Jensen C.W. and Southgate D.D. 2000. Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness. Eighth Edition. Wiley Publisher.
6. Penson, J.B. Capp O. and Rossen, C.P. 2001. Introduction to Agricultural Economics. Third Edition, Prentice Hall, New York.
7. Azhar, B.A. 1996. Pakistan Agricultural Economics. National Book Foundation, Pakistan.
8. Pakistan, Government of Economic Survey 2003-04. Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan.

Course Title: Introductory Rural Sociology
Course Code: RS-302
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Rural Sociology: its origin and scope. Rural-Urban Differences Rural Social Values, and Norms. Social Organization. Culture and Personality. Role and Status. Social Control and Deviation. Social Stratification and Social Mobility. Rural Social Institutions. Cooperation, Conflict and Change. Sociological problems in Development. Village Institutions. Accommodation, Assimilation and Acculturation. Leadership in Rural Society.

Practical

• Rural village will be visited.
• Data Collection Tool (structured questionnaire) will be designed.
• Data will be collected.
• Data will be fed in statistical computer package.
• Data will be screened for outliers and missing observations.
• Analysis of data and interpretation of results.

Recommanded Books

1. Chitamber, J.B. “Introductory Rural Sociology”, 2003, 2nd Edition, New Age International (P) Limited Publisher, New Delhi.
2. Dalal, B. 2003. Rural Planning in Developing Countries, New Delhi, Earthscan.
3. Setty, E. 2002, New Approaches to Rural Development Amal Publications Pvt. Ltd.
4. Social Policy and Development Centre. 2000. Social Development in Pakistan, New York, Oxford University Press.
5. Shepherd, Andrew (2000) Sustainable Rural Development, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad.
6. Khan, Nowshad (2000) Rural Poverty Alleviation, National Book Foundation, Islamabad
7. Sahibzada, MohibulHaq. 1997. Poverty Alleviation. Institute of Policy Studies. Islamabad.
8. Chaudhry, Iqbal, 1995. Sociology. Aziz Publication, Lahore.

Course Title: Functional English
Course Code: ENG-302
Course Credit Hours: 2(2+0)
Prerequisites: None

Text Books

Course Title: Pakistan Studies
Course Code: PS-302
Course Credit Hours: 2(2+0)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Factors leading to Muslim separatism, People and Land, Indus Civilization, Muslim advent, Location and geo-physical features.
Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases:
Contemporary Pakistan
Economic institutions and issues, Society and social structure, Ethnicity, Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges, Futuristic outlook of Pakistan

Recommanded Books

1. Burki, Shahid Javed. State & Society in Pakistan, The Macmillan Press Ltd 1980.
2. Akbar, S. Zaidi. Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Course Title: Introduction to Computer
Course Code: STAT-302
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Introduction to I.T, Computer, Parts of computer System, CPU, Memory, Memory measurement, Input output devices, Storage, Hardware, Software, Data & Information, Transforming Data into Information, How computers Process Data, Factors affecting Processing Speed, Machinery cycle, Role of Memory, Microsoft Windows, Versions and Editions, Computer locking problem, Regional languages and settings, File system, Files and directories, Files operation, File types, File permission, Computer Networks, Technical Aspect, Server and client, LAN, VAN, VPAN, Transfer speed, Communication, web browser, Mail reader, Voice over IP Programs Search engines, Internet connections, Computer security, Encryption, Digital signature, Keys expiration, Passwords, Alternative password devices, Viruses, Emails, Attachments, Spam, Navigation, Attacks from outside, Firewall, Backup.

Practical

Every student will have to practice on Ms Office 2010 like Exploring Word 2010, Editing and Proofreading Documents, Changing the look of Text, Changing the Look of a Document, Presenting Information in Columns and Tables.

Text Books

1. Basic computer course book by Dr. Paolo Coletti (Edition 8.0 2105)
2. Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton’s
3. Introduction I.T. by Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill. Published by Prentice Hall.

Course Title: Principles of Agronomy
Course Code: AGR-401
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Agronomy definition and scope. Principles of Agronomy. Tillage objectives and types. Use of improved seed, seed multiplication and distribution systems. Nutrient management manures and fertilizers, their classification, composition, methods of application. Irrigation management, methods and scheduling. Water use efficiency. Crop protection. Harvesting postharvest management and marketing. Crop rotations and types. Mono vs multiple cropping. Modern concept in agronomy.

Practical

Demonstration and use of tillage implement. Preparatory tillage, seedbed preparation and intercultural operation. Seed purity analysis. Identification of organic and inorganic fertilizers and manures. Calculation of nutrient cum fertilizer unit value. Demonstration and layout of various irrigation methods. Identification of crop pests. Visits to University farms.

Text Books

1. Abass M.A. 2006. General Agriculture Emporium Urdu Bazar, Lahore.
2. Balasubramaniyan. 2004. Principles and Practices of Agronomy. Agrobics. Jodhpur India.
3. Khalil, I.A. and A. Jan, 2002. Cropping Technology. National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
4. Kirkham, M.B. (Editor) 2004. Water Use in Crop Production. Marosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India.
5. Martin, J.H. R.P Waldren and D.L. Stamp 2006. Principles of Field Crop Production. 4th Ed. The MacMillan Co; New York.
6. Michael, A.M. 1990. Irrigation Theory and practices 2nd Ed. Vikas Pub. House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
7. Nazir, M.S. E. Bashir and R. Bantel (Eds.) 1994. Crop Production. Ed. E. Bashir & R. Bantel National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
8. Reddy, S.R. 2004. Principles of Crop Production. Layani Publishers, New Delhi.
9. Reddy, T.Y and G.H.S. Reddi. 2004. Principles of Agronomy, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
10. Zimdahl, R. 2008. Fundamentals of Weed Science. 3rd Edition, Academic Pres, USA.

Course Title: Introduction to Plant Breeding & Genetics
Course Code: PBG-401
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Introduction to plant breeding and its role in crop improvement. Reproductive systems in major crop plants. Genetic variation and its exploitation, creation of variation through genetic recombination, mutation and heteroploidy. Breeding self-pollinated crops: introduction, mass selection, pure line selection; hybridization, pedigree method, bulk method and backcross techniques. Breeding cross-pollinated crops: introduction, mass selection, recurrent selection, development and evaluation of inbred lines, development of hybrids, synthetic and composite populations. New trends in plant breeding.

Practical

Descriptive study of floral biology, scientific names, chromosome number and ploidy level of important field crops. Selfing and crossing techniques in major crops. List of approved varieties in major field crops.

Text Books

1. Sleper, D. A. and J.M. Poehlman. 2006. Breeding Field Crops. (5thed.) Iowa State University Press, Ames, USA.
2. Chahal, G.S. and S.S. Gosal. 2003. Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, India.
3. Singh, B. D. 2003. Plant Breeding: Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India.
4. Singh, P. 2003. Essentials of Plant Breeding. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India.
5. Khan, M.A (Editor). 1994. Plant Breeding. National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
6. Acquaah, G. 2009. Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. John Wiley & Sons, UK.

Course Title: Introduction to Pest Management
Course Code: PPT-401
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Agricultural Pests, Categories and causes for outbreak of pest, losses caused by pests. Pest monitoring, Pest surveillance and forecasting, objectives, survey, sampling techniques, and decision making. Economic Threshold level and Economic injury level. Pest management, objectives, requirements for successful pest management program, component of pest management. Pest control methods, Cultural methods, Physical methods, Mechanical methods, Legal methods, Host plant resistance, Biological control, Bio-control Techniques. Chemical control, Classification of pesticides based on mode of entry and chemical nature. Genetic control, Semiochemicals, Allomones, Kairomones, Synomones, Pheromone in integrated pest management IPM, Principles and Strategies

Practical

• Observations on symptoms and types of damage caused by crop pests.
• Assessment of pest population and damage in selected crops.
• Traditional methods of pest control (Cultural, Physical, and Mechanical).
• Practicing the use of Pheromone, (Light traps and Yellow Sticky traps).
• Pesticide formulation and label formulations.
• Pesticide application Technology, Spraying, dusting, Soil application, fumigation.
• Preparation of spray liquids for field application.
• Preparation and application of plant products, viruses, bacteria and fungi.
• Pesticide appliances, types and uses of high volume and low volume sprays and dusters.

Text Books

1. Dhaliwal, G.S. and E.A. Heinrichs. 1998. Critical issues in pest management, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi, 287p.
2. Dhaliwal, G.S. and Ramesh Arora. 1998. Principles of Insect Pest Management, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 297 p.
3. Dhaliwal, G.S. and B. Singh. 1998. Pesticides, The ecological impact in developing countries, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi.
4. David, B.V. and M.C. Muralirangan and M.Meera. 1992. Harmful and Beneficial Insect, Popular Book Deport, Madras, 304 p.
5. David, B.V. and T. Kumaraswami. 1982. Elements of Economic Entomology. Popular Book Deport, Madras, 536 p.

Course Title: Elementary Statistics
Course Code: STAT-401
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Definition, nature and scope of the Statistics. Variables and their types. Data and its sources of collection, Scales of measurement of data, Organization of data. Tabulation and Classification of data (grouped and ungrouped), Frequency distribution. Graphical Representation of data (Graphs and Charts: Stem-and leaf diagrams). Measures of Central Tendency: Mean (arithmetic, geometric and harmonic), Mode, Median & Quantiles, Box and Whisker plots and their interpretation. Relative merits and demerits of various averages. Measures of Dispersion: Range, Mean Deviation, Variance & Standard Deviation. Their properties, usage, limitations and comparison. Trimmed and Winsorized measures. Moments, Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis and describing a shape of distribution of data. Standardized Variables.

Practical

Parts of statistical table, Frequency distribution table, steam and Leaf diagram, Types of Bar Diagram, Pie-chart, Box and Whisker plots, shapes of distributions, calculation of Measures of Central Tendency and dispersion of real data sets.

Text Books

1. Clark, G. M. and Cooke, D. (2004). “A Basic Course in Statistics.” 5th ed. John Wiley, London.
2. Chaudhry, S. M. and Kamal, S. (2008). “Introduction to Statistical Theory Part I & II.” 8th ed. Ilmi Kitab Khana Lahore, Pakistan.
3. Mann, P. S. (2010). “Introductory Statistics.” Wiley.
4. Mclave, J. T., Benson, P. G. and Snitch, T. (2005). “Statistics for Business & Economics.” 9th ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
5. Larry, J. S. (2006). “Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Beginning Statistics.” 2nd ed. McGraw Hill New York.
6. Spiegel, M. R., Schiller, J. L. and Sirinivasan, R. L. (2000). “Probability and Statistics”, 2nd ed. Schaum’s Outlines Series. McGraw Hill. New York.
7. Sullivan, M. (2011). “Fundamentals of statistics.” 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, Boston.
8. Walpole, R. E., Myers, R. H and Myers, S. L. (1998). “Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientist.” 6th ed. Prentice Hall, New York.
9. Weiss, N. A. (1997). “Introductory Statistics.” 4th ed. Addison-Wesley. Company, Inc.

Course Title: Introduction to Agricultural Business Management and WTO
Course Code: AGEC-401
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Definition, concepts and scope of Agribusiness Management. Important features of Agribusiness. Elements of good management. Functions of management. Forms of business organization. Cooperatives in Agribusiness. Agribusiness financial management. Marketing, Operating and managing human resources in Agribusiness. Input markets in Pakistan. Definition of market and marketing. Role of agri-marketing in economic development. Approaches to understanding agricultural marketing problems. Marketing functions. Marketing institutions. Marketing problems and remedial measures.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTD). Brief history of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Formation of the World Trade Organization (WTO); Objectives, basic principles and functions of the WTO. Structure, organization and dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO. Agreements under GATT/WTO. The General mechanism of the WTO. Agreements under GATT/WTO. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)’ Agreement on Agriculture (AoA); and its three pillars; Market Access; Domestic Support; Export competition, Agreement on Trade Related Intellectual. Property Rights (TRIPs). Trade Related Investment Measures (TRIMS).

Text Books

1. Kohis, R.L. and J.N. Uhi. Marketing of Agricultural Products. Seventh Edition. New York, Max Well. Macmillan. 1990.
2. Walters, F.E. Marketing of Agricultural Products. Ministry of Food. 1980. Agriculture and Livestock, Govt. of Pakistan and USAID, Islamabad.
3. Terry, G.R. and Frankin. Principles of Management. The Interstate Printers and Publishes. Illincis. 1982.
4. World Trade Organization. The legal Texts. The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. Cambridge. 1989.
5. NUST. WTO and its Impacts on Pakistan’s Agriculture & Trade Institute of Management Sciences, NUSTm Rawalpindi. 2001.
6. Hoekman, B.A. Mattoo. P English. Development. Trade and the WTO-A Hand Book. The World Bank Washington. D.C. 2002.
7. Downey, W.D. & S.P. Erickson. Agri. Business Management. McGraw Hill Singapore. 1987.
8. Web page: www.wto.org.

Course Title: Field Crop Production
Course Code: AGR-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Meaning of Development and its Philosophy. Accelerating Agricultural Development. Food Crises: Population Growth and Demand for Food, Economics of Population Growth. Modernization Approach. Social and Cultural Obstacles and Prerequisites to Development. Modes of Production . Sociological Problems of Planned Social Change. Manpower Requirements and Institution Building. Strategy for Research and Extension. Development Economic Framework of Agricultural Modernization. Determinants of Agricultural Development. Review of Rural Development Programs and Policies in Pakistan.

Practical

Rural village will be visited.
Data Collection Tool (structured questionnaire) will be designed.
Data will be collected.
Data will be fed in statistical computer package.
Data will be screened for outliers and missing observations.
Analysis of data and interpretation of results.

Recommanded Books

1. Adams, W.M. (1990). Green development: Environment and Sustainability in the Third World. London: Routeledge.
2. Auty, Richard M. (1995). Patterns of Development Resources, Policy and Economic growth. London: Edward Arnold.
3. Boas, Morten. (2004). Global Institutions and Development: Framing the World? London: Routledge.
4. Booth, David (1994). Rethinking Social Development. Theory, Research and Practice. England: Longman Scientific and Technical.
5. Chambers, Robert.( 2005). Ideas for Development. London: Earthscan.
6. Ettizioni A.E Ettizioni E.O.E Social Change. New York Basic Book Inc, 1964
7. Lapiere R.T Social Change New York, McGraw Hill Book Company 1965
8. Moore W.E Social Change. Engle Wood Cliffs, N.J Prantice Hall, Inc, 1974
9. Swansen, G.E Social Change. Glenview Iii, Forserman And Company, 1971
10. Smith, A,D The Concept Of Social Change (A Critiqu On Functionalist) Theory Of Social Change). London, Rultedge and Kegan Paul, 1973
11. Merner, D The Passing Of Traditional Society. New York, The Free Press, 1958.
12. Berch, Berberogue, Ed. 1992 : Class, State and Development in India 1, 2, 3 and 4 Chapters. Sage, New Delhi
13. Desai A R 1977 Rural Sociology in India, Popular Prakashan, Bombay.
14. Mencher J.P., 1983 : Social Anthropology of Peasantry Part III, OUP P.
15. Radhakrishnan, 1989 : Peasant Struggles : Land reforms and Social Change in Malabar 1836-1982. Sage Publications : New Delhi.

Course Title: Field Crop Production
Course Code: AGR-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Objectives

To familiarize the students with production technology of oil seeds, grain legumes, foages and miscellaneous crops.

Theory

Production, technology of oilseed crops (toria, raya, sarsoon, canola, taramira, castor bean, sunflower, safflower, sesame, lined, groundnut, soybean); Grain legumes (chickpea, lentil, mungbean, nashbean; crowpea, pigeon pea). Forage crops (Berseem, shafial, luceme, oats, maize, sorghum, millets, motgrass); Miscellaneous crops (potato, sweet potato, tobacco, tea, medicinal crops); Techniques and practices for enhancing crop productivity.

Practical

Identification and plant characteristic of crops, cultivars and seeds of the crops; Demonstration of improved sowing methods; Inoculation of legume seeds; Intercultural practices; Weed control practices, Demonstration of harvesting and threshing operations; Visits to University/College research areas.

Recommanded Books

1. Baldev, B.S. Ramamjan and H.K. Jain. 1988. Pulse Crops. Oxford and IBH Pub. Co., New Delhi.
2. Martin, J.H., R.P. Waldren and D.L. Stamp. 2006. Principles of Field Crop Production. 4th edition. The McMillan Co; New York.
3. Nazir, M.S., E. Bashir and R. Bantel (Eds.) 1994. Crop Production. National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
4. Rahman, A. and M. Munir. 1984. Rapeseed, Mustard Production in Pakistan, PARC, Islamabad.
5. Reddy, S.R. 2004. Principles of Crop Production. 2nd Ed. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
6. Wolfe, T.K. and M.S. Kipps. 2004. Production of Field Crop: A Text Book of Agronomy, McGraw Hill Book Co; New York.

Course Title: Applied Entomology
Course Code: ENT-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

1. Acquire knowledge of insect pests of crops, vegetables, fruits, stored grains and household pests.
2. Identification of insect pests, their control methods and pesticide application equipments.
3. Introduction with entomological cottage industries.
4. Enhance the productivity of agricultural crops through insect pest management.

Theory

Introduction; causes of success and economic importance of insects; principles and methods of insect control i.e. cultural, biological, physical, mechanical, reproductive, legislative, chemical and bio-technological control; introduction to IPM; insecticides, their classification, formulations and application equipments; dentification,lifehistories,modeofdamageandcontrolofimportantinsect pests of various crops, fruits, vegetables, stored grains, household, termites and locust; introduction to entomological industries: apiculture, sericulture and lac-culture.

Practical

Collection, identification and mode of damage of insect pests of various crops, fruits, vegetables, stored grains and household; insecticide formulations, their dilutions and safe handling; use of application equipment, instructions for apiculture, sericulture and lac-culture.

Recommanded Books

1. Atwal, A.S. 2005. Agricultural Pests of Southeast Asia and their Management. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
2. Awastheir, V.B. 2009. Introduction to General and Applied Entomology. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur, India.
3. Duncton, P.A. 2007. The Insect: Beneficial and Harmful Aspects. Kalyani Publishers Ludhiana.
4. Gullan, P. J. and Cranstan, P. S. 2010. The Insects: An Outline of Entomology. 4th edition. Wiley-Blackwell. A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication, UK.
5. Lohar, M. K. 2001. Applied Entomology, 2nd Ed. Department of Entomology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Sindh, Pakistan.
6. Mathews, G.A. 2004. Pesticide Application Methods, 3rd. Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. N.Y.
7. Pedigo, L.P. and Marlin, E. R. 2009. Entomology and Pest Management, 6th Edition, Person Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, U.S.A.
8. Pfadt, E.R. 1985. FundamentalsofApplied Entomology, 4thEd. The McMillan Co., N. Y.
9. Robinson, D.H. 2006. Entomology Principles and Practices. Agro-bios.
10. Shah, H.A. and Saleem,M.A. 2002, Applied Entomology, 3rdEd. Izhar Sons Printers, Lahore.

Course Title: Farm Mechanization
Course Code: FPM-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

• Farm Mechanization Definition, objects and scope of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan, Feasibility and approach of Mechanization in various ecological zones of Pakistan.
• Farm Power, source of Farm Power, Types of Tractors, Fuel and Lubricants, working safety precautions and driving principles, Basic and operating costs of tractors, trouble shooting.
• Farm Machinery: Materials used in Farm Machinery, Ferrous and non-ferrous metals, machine elements and transmission of power classification, constructions and used of pre-sowing, post sowing, harvesting and transport machines, hitching principles calibration of drills, sprayers and harvesting/threshers of farm Machinery selection and management, requirement of farm machines for different soils, land holdings and crops, field efficiency and cost analysis of using farm machines, post-harvest handling and average of farm products.

Practical

Use of tool kit, study of various tractor systems, tractor maintenance and repairs demonstration of farm machinery, calibration of drills, sprayers and thresher/harvesters, assessment of cost of using machines giving on comparative cost benefits analysis in practical farming.

Recommanded Books

1. Frod R.J. Farm Gas Engines and Tractors, McGraw Hill Book Co.
2. Bainer and Kepner, Principles of Farm Machinery, Jhon Willey and Sons.
3. Barger Etal. Tractors and Their power Units, Jhon Willey and Sons.
4. Bresess and Forst. Farm Power, Jhon Willey and Sons.
5. Promers B and Bishp. Modern Farm Power, Principles Hall Inc. N.J. US.A.
6. Ricery. Agricultural Hand Book. McGraw Hill Books. Co.
7. Stone A. A. Machines for Power Farming, Book Co. New York.
8. Stone and Gulvin, Farm Machinery.
9. Smith, Farm Machinery and Equipment. McGraw Hill Book Co.

Course Title: Calculus
Course Code: MATH-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: Mathematics (Algebra)

Specific Objectives of the Course

To prepare the students, not majoring in mathematics with the essential tools of calculus to apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.

Course Outline

Preliminaries: Real-number line, functions and their graphs solution of equations involving absolute values, inequalities.
Limits and Continuity: Limit of a function, left-hand and right-hand limits, continuity, continuous functions.
Derivatives and their Applications: Differentiable functions differentiation of polynomial, rational and transcendental functions, derivates.
Integration and Definite Integrals: Techniques of evaluating indefinite integrals, integration by substitution, integration by parts change of variables in indefinite integrals.

Recommanded Books

1. Anton, H. Bevens I. Davis S. Calculus: A New Horizon (8th edition), 2005. John Wiley, New York.
2. Stewart J, Calculus (3rd edition), 1995, Brooks/Cole (Suggested text).
3. Swokiowski, E.E. Calculus and Analytic Geometry, 1983. PWS-Kent Company, Boston.
4. Thomas GB, Finney AR, Calculus (11th edition), 2005. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Ma, USA.

Course Title: Introduction to Probability & Random Variables
Course Code: STAT-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Probability Concepts: Addition and Multiplication rules, Laws of probability, joint and marginal probabilities, Conditional probability and independence, Bayes’ theorem. Discrete Random Variables, Probability Distribution function of discrete random variables, Mean and Variance of a discrete random variable, Continuous random variables and their probability density function. Joint distributions and bi-variate distribution functions of random variables, Mathematical expectation of a random variable.

Practical

Laws of probability, conditional probability, discrete and continuous random variables, mathematical expectation, marginal and joint probabilities.

Recommanded Books

1. Cacoullos, T. (2009). “Exercises in Probability.” Springer- Verlag, New York.
2. Chaudhry, S. M. and Kamal, S. (2008). “Introduction to Statistical Theory Part I & II.” 8th ed. Ilmi Kitab Khana Lahore, Pakistan.
3. Mann, P. S. (2010) Introductory Statistics. Wiley.
4. Clark, G.M. and Cooke, D. (1998), “A Basic Course in Statistics” 4th ed, Arnold, London.
5. Mclave, J. T., Benson, P. G. and Snitch, T. (2005). “Statistics for Business & Economics.” 9th ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
6. Santos, D. (2011). “Probability: An Introduction.” Jones and Bartlett Publishers, New York.
7. Spiegel, M. R., Schiller, J. L. and Sirinivasan, R. L. (2000). “Probability and Statistics”, 2nd ed. Schaums Outlines Series. McGraw Hill, New York.
8. Walpole, R. E., Myers, R. H. and Myers, S. L. (2007). “Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientist.” 7th ed. Prentice Hall, NY.
9. Weiss, N.A. (1997), “Introductory Statistics” 4th ed. Addison-Wesley Company, Inc.

Course Title: Introduction to Extension Teaching Methods
Course Code: AEE-402
Course Credit Hours: 3(2+1)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

Extension as an educational process: types of education; Extension teaching methods; Individual, Group, Mass teaching methods; Demonstration: Role and types of demonstration; Adoption and diffusion process: Adoption, Diffusion, Adopter Categories; types of innovation decision innovation development and diffusion process; Communication: Meaning, definition, purposes, process, principles, forms and SMCR model; Audio-Aids: Introduction, importance, classification and uses. Electronic and print media.

Practical

Preparation of Teaching Material for farmers group on various topics such as charts, graphs, posters, flannel graphs, leaflets, posters, slides, transparencies etc; Presentation of the AV materials; field trips to various organization involved in dissemination of technology.

Recommanded Books

1. E. Bashir (Ed.) Extension Methods: National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
2. FAO Manual, Improving Agricultural Extension in Developing Countries, FAO, Rome.

Course Title: Writing Skills
Course Code: ENG-402
Course Credit Hours: 2(2+0)
Prerequisites: None

Theory

1. Technical writing
2. Rules of Paragraph and Essay
3. V. Writing
4. Application Writing
5. Formal and Informal Letter Writing
6. Phonetics; Use of Phonemes and Sounds of Words
7. Idioms and Pro-verbs
8. Dictionary Skills
9. Précis Writing

Recommanded Books

1. The lighthouse by Muttahir Ahmed Khan
2. Exploring the World of English by Sadad Ali Shah
3. Technical Writing Made Easier by Bernard Spuida
4. Oxford Practice Grammar by John East Wood
5. English for Undergraduate by D. H. Lowe

Course Title: Microeconomics – I
Course Code: AGEC-501
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Scope of Economics; Theory of Consumer’s Behavior – Approaches to Utility analysis. Laws of Demand and Supply; Various dimensions of Elasticity of Demand and Supply; Theory of Production; Cost concepts in the short run and long run; Market equilibrium analysis.

Text Books

1. Nicholson, W. & Snyder C. M. (2009). Intermediate Microeconomics and its application. 11th Edition. Mason: South-Western Cangage learning Publisher.
2. McConnel, C.R., Brue, S.L. & Flynn, S.M. (2011). Economics: Principles, Problems and Policies 19th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hills.

Suggested Readings

1. Varian, H.R. (2009). Intermediate Microeconomic, 8th Edition. New York: W.W. Norton Company inc.
2. Pindyck, R. & Daniel, R. (2012). Microeconomics, 8th Edition, Prentice Hall publisher.
3. Leftwich, R. H. & Eckert, R. H. (1989). The Price System and Resource allocation, 10th Edition, Islamabad, Pakistan: National Book Foundation.

Course Title: Macroeconomics – I
Course Code: AGEC-503
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

An introduction to Macroeconomics and the economy. Microeconomics versus macroeconomics. The Roots of macroeconomics. Structure of economy and circular flow of income. Measuring domestic output and national income. Product, expenditure and income approaches. Other national income accounts. Price indices, Nominal and real GDP. Economic growth and instability: the business cycles, unemployment and its types, inflation and its types. The income consumption and income saving relationships, the real interest rate and investment relationship. The multiplier, accelerator and super-multiplier effect; The aggregate expenditure model.

Text Books

1. McConnel, C.R., Brue, S.L and Flynn, S.M. (2011). Economics: Principles, Problems and Policies 19th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hills.

Suggested Readings

1. Dornbusch, R., Fischer, S. and Startz, R. (2013) Macroeconomics, 12th Edition, New Yark: McGraw Hill.
2. Shapiro E. (2003). Macroeconomic Analysis, 5th Edition. HARCOURT BRACE publisher.
3. Abel, B. Andrew & Ben S. Bernanke. (2005). “Macroeconomics” 6th edition. Mcgraw Hill Inc.
4. Rittenberg, L., & Tregarthen T. (2012). Principles of Macroeconomics.Version: 2.0: Flat World Knowledge, Inc.

Course Title: Mathematics for Economists
Course Code: AGEC-505
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

The nature of mathematical economics, mathematical versus non-mathematical economics and econometrics, economic models and equilibrium analysis, matrix algebra, applications of derivatives: Comparative static analysis in economics and economic models, Derivatives of implicit functions, Optimization Problems, General Constrained Optimization, Dynamic optimization & Integration, Convexity and Optimization—Multivariate Optimization, Mathematical Programming: The concepts of Linear and Non-Linear Programming.

Text Books

1. Chiang, A. C. Fundamentals Methods of Mathematical Economics. 3rd Edition. 2005, International Edition, McGraw Hill publications.

Suggested Readings

1. Goshaw, M. (2008). Concepts of calculus with applications. 1st Edition. Singapore: Pearson Publisher.
2. Shannon, J. (1995). Mathematics for Business Economics and Finance, Australia: John Willey & Sons.

Course Title: Agribusiness Management
Course Code: AGEC-507
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Scope and objectives of Agribusiness Management; Functions of management; Forms of business organizations; Principles and Techniques of farm planning, operation and management. Enterprise budgeting, Resource constraints, optimum combinations and alternate business plans. Balance Sheet, income statement and their analysis; Benefit Cost Analysis, Uncertainty and Risk in Farm Business; Risk Management Strategies; Supply chain management and Relevant Case studies. Role of Government in Agribusiness management.

Text Books

1. Downey, W.D. & Erickson, S. P. (2002). Agribusiness Management. Singapore: McGraw Hill Education.
2. Castle, E. N., Becker, M. H. & Nelson, A. G. (2002). Farm Business Management. New York: Macmillan.

Suggested Readings

1. Kinsey, B. H. (2000). Agri. Business and Rural Enterprise. London: Croom Helm Ltd.
2. Goldberg, R. A., Wilson, L. M., & Austin, J. E. (1974) Agribusiness Management for Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Company.
3. Buckett, M. (1981). An Introduction to Farm Organization and Management. Elsevier Science & Technology Books.
4. Kay, R., Edwards, W., & Duffy, P. (2007). Farm Management. 7th Edition. McGraw Hill Education, EU.

Course Title: Food and Agricultural Marketing
Course Code: AGEC-509
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Basic concepts and principles of food and fiber marketing system and its role in development; Marketing structure, Marketing Approaches and problems; Marketing functions; standardization, grading, Packing coding, packaging, storage, transportation, information, legislation and management. Marketing margins and profitability; market functionaries, marketing channels, price variation and stabilization; Concept of supply chain management. Review of agricultural marketing systems in Pakistan.

Text Books

1. Crawford, I.M. (1997). Agriculture and food marketing management. Africa: FAO publishers.
2. Kohls, R.L., & Uhl, J. N. (2002). Marketing of Agricultural Products. 9th Edition. New York: MacMillan.

Suggested Readings

1. Clarkson, K.W., & Miller, R. L. (1997). Industrial Organization, Theory, Evidence and Public Policy, New York: McGraw-Hill.
2. Scarborough, V. & Kydd, J. (1992). Economic Analysis of Agricultural Markets: A Manual, Chatham, UK: Natural Resources Institute.
3. Shepherd, G. F. (2004). Marketing Farm Products- Economic Analysis, 4th Edition, Islamabad: National Book Foundation.

Course Title: Mathematics for Economists
Course Code: AGEC-511
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Development, Rural development, Study and analysis of rural development models, Strategies and Policies for rural development in Pakistan, Delivery and receiving systems for Agriculture and Rural development, Rural infrastructure, Rural industrialization and development, Role of land tenure and land reform in rural development, Technology, output and employment Potential in Farm and non-farm sectors, Role of women in rural development, Planning and participation at grass root, Local government and rural development.

Text Books

1. Singh, K. (2009). Rural Development: Principles, Polices and Management, 3rd Edition, SAGE Publication (Pvt) Ltd.
2. Khan, M. H. (2009). Participatory Rural Development in Pakistan: USA: Oxford University Press.

Suggested Readings

1. Mosley, M. (2003). Rural Development, Principles and Practice. SAGE Publication (Pvt) Ltd.
2. Tripathy, S.N. (2000). Rural Development. India: Discovery Publishing House.
3. Ali, K. (1988). The Political Economy of Rural Development. Lahore: Vanguard Publications Limited.
4. Khan, S. S. (1980). Rural Development in Pakistan. Pakistan: Waqas Publishing House.

Course Title: Microeconomics – II
Course Code: AGEC-502
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Characteristics and output/price determination under pure competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly; profit maximization under different market structures in both short run and long run perspectives. Price discrimination, regulation of monopoly. Game theory. Resource Market structure, demand and supply pattern in resource market (wage rent, interest and profit determination). General equilibrium model. Welfare Economics, public goods and externalities. Microeconomics of Government.

Text Books

1. Nicholson, W. & Snyder C. M. (2009). Intermediate Microeconomics and its application. 11th Edition. Mason: South-Western Cangage learning Publisher.
2. McConnel, C.R., Brue, S.L., & Flynn, S.M. (2011). Economics: Principles, Problems and Policies 19th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hills.

Suggested Readings

1. Varian, H.R. (2009). Intermediate Microeconomic, 8th Edition. New York: W.W. Norton Company inc.
2. Pindyck, R., & Daniel, R. (2012). Microeconomics, 8th Edition, Prentice Hall publisher.
3. Leftwich, R. H. & Eckert, R. H. (1989). The Price System and Resource allocation, 10th Edition, Islamabad, Pakistan: National Book Foundation.

Course Title: Microeconomics – II
Course Code: AGEC-504
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Aggregate demand and Aggregate Supply patterns: Changes in AD and AS, equilibrium and dynamics of equilibrium in short run and long run. Money and Banking: functions of money, the components of money supply, Money definitions M1, M2, M3, Banking system, historical background and functions of different banks, commercial banks, and central bank. The IS-LM Model, equilibrium in the labour market, goods market and money market, Factors affecting IS and LM curves. General equilibrium in the complete model. The phenomenon of Phillips curve, The Okun’s law, introduction to macroeconomic policies, Monetary and fiscal policies, Labour and wage policies, international policy; International trade, balance of payments and causes of disequilibrium.

Text Books

1. McConnel, C.R., Brue, S.L., & Flynn, S.M. (2011). Economics: Principles, Problems and Policies 19th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hills.

Suggested Readings

1. Dornbusch R, S. Fischer and R. Startz (2004) Macroeconomics, 9th Edition, McGraw-Hill.
2. Shapiro E. (2003). Macroeconomic Analysis, 5th Edition. Harcourt Brace publisher.
3. Abel, B. Andrew & Ben S. Bernanke. (2005). “Macroeconomics” 6th edition. Mcgraw Hill Inc.
4. Rittenberg, L., & Tregarthen T. (2012). Principles of Macroeconomics Macroeconomics. Version: 2.0: Flat World Knowledge, Inc.

Course Title: Agricultural Finance
Course Code: AGEC-506
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Nature and scope of agricultural finance; Sources and types of financial instruments and intermediaries in Pakistan’s perspective. Credit assessment and decision criteria, Agricultural credit markets; Agricultural credit policies and their problems, Role of central bank and other financial institutions in agricultural financing; Classification of loans; insurance in agricultural sector, Micro-credit and role of NGO’s in agricultural lending and development. Nature and scope of financial management, time value of money, capital budgeting, capital and its cost, financial analyses, capital structure, liquidity and lender-borrower relationship and credit evaluation, risk management, financial markets.

Text Books

1. Reddy, S. S., & Ram, P Raghu. (1996). Agricultural Finance and Management, Oxford & IBH publisher Co.

Suggested Readings

1. Barry, P. J., Ellinger, P. N., Hopkin, J.A., & Baker, C. B. (2000). Financial Management in Agriculture. 6th Edition. Prentice Hall.
2. Pandey, U.K. (1990). An Introduction to Agricultural Finance. New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers,
3. Downey, W.D. & Enieson, S.P. (2002). Agribusiness Management, Singapore: McGraw Hill.

Course Title: Mathematical Economics
Course Code: AGEC-508
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

The nature of mathematical economics, mathematical versus non-mathematical economics, mathematical economics versus econometrics, economic models. Review of Matrix Algebra and its application to Business and Economics. Review of Differentiation: Rules of differentiation, maxima/minima of functions, partial/total derivatives and their applications in Business and Economics. Integration: Integrals and their applications in Business and Economics. Optimization Problems.

Text Books

1. Chiang, A. C., & Wainwright, K. (2004). Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics, 4th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, Irwin.
2. Silberberg, E. & Suen, W. (2001). The Structure of Economics: A Mathematical Analysis. 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, Irwin.
3. Budnick, F. S. (1993). Applied Mathematics for Business, Economics and Social Sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.

Suggested Readings

1. Sydsaeter, K & Hammond, P. (2012). Essential Mathematics for Economic Analysis, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall Publisher.

Course Title: Economics of Agro-Based Industries
Course Code: AGEC-512 (Elective /Minor)
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Role of Industries for economic development, policies and growth of Agro-based industries; performance of small & large scale industries, i.e. ginning and textile, sugar, vegetable ghee/edible oil, tobacco, fruits and vegetables processing, beverages, wheat flour and rice mills, feed mills, etc. Efficiency, productivity and capacity utilization; Overview of Pakistan industrial policies, Quantitative & Qualitative restrictions, tariff, protection; tax concessions and export subsidies, Role of public and private sectors in rural industrialization; problems of agro based industries. Green supply chain.

Text Books / Suggested Reading

1. Khawaja, A. S. Economy of Pakistan (Latest Edition). Ilmi Kitab Ghar, Lahore.
2. Shahida W. (2003). Industrial Productivity. Pakistan: Oxford University Press.
3. Aslam, M. (2004). Perspective on Development planning in Pakistan”. Lahore: Allied Book Centre, Urdu Bazar.
4. Khan, M. Z. (2001). Kick starting Pakistan’s Economy. Lahore: Vanguard Books (Pvt) Ltd.
5. Rafi, R. (2001). Pakistan in Perspective 1947-97. Pakistan: Oxford University Press.
6. Khan, S. R. (2000). Fifty years of Pakistan’s Economy. Pakistan: Oxford University Press.
7. Pakistan Economic Survey (Various issues).
8. SMEDA Website: www.smeda.org.pk.

Suggested Readings

1. Sydsaeter, K & Hammond, P. (2012). Essential Mathematics for Economic Analysis, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall Publisher.

Course Title: Econometrics – I
Course Code: AGEC-601
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Definition, scope and importance of econometrics; Basic concepts, Properties of statistical estimators; Inferences, and hypothesis testing; Regression analysis, OLS estimation of simple and multiple Regression, Dummy variables; Specification bias and tests; Concepts of Multicollinearity; Heteroscedasticity and Autocorrelation.

Text Books

1. Gujrati, D.N. (2009). Essentials of Econometrics. 4th Edition, London: McGraw-Hill.
2. Wooldridge J.M. (2012). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach. 5th Edition. USA: Cengage Learning Publisher.

Suggested Readings

1. Mirar, T.W. (1990). Economic Statistics and Econometrics. New York: McMillan Publishing Co.
2. Ramanathan R. (2001). Introductory Econometrics with Applications. 5th Edition. South-Western College Publisher.
3. Butt A.R. (1999). Least Square Estimation of Econometric Models, Islamabad.

Course Title: Natural Resource Economics
Course Code: AGEC-603
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Concepts of natural resources; optimal use of renewable and nonrenewable resources, Issues related to natural resources (soil, water, forest, fisheries and environment); resource scarcity, prices, demand and supply of natural resources; Market equilibrium, economic efficiency; inter-temporal efficiency; Property rights; The economics of pollution; Natural resource exploitation; Economic approaches to conservation of natural resources; Benefit cost analysis.

Text Books

1. Bergstrom, J.C. & Randall, A. (2010). Resource Economics- An Economic Approach to Natural Resource and Environmental Policy. New York: Edward Elger Publishing.
2. Tietenberg, T. & Lewis, L. (2013). Environmental and natural resource economics. 9th Edition. Prentice Hall Publisher.

Suggested Readings

1. Ashfaq, M., Griffith, G., & Hussain, I. (2009). Economics of Water Resources in Pakistan. Pakistan: Pak TM Publishers.
2. Compathy, R.S. and R.S. Ganapatty, (1990). Natural Resource Management. New Delhi: Mohan Primlani for Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.
3. Common, M., Perman, D. R., Ma, D. Y., Maddison, D. D., & Mcgilvray D. J. (2011). Natural Resource and Environmental Economics. 4th Edition. Longman Lt: Addison Wesley.

Course Title: Development Economics
Course Code: AGEC-605
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

The concepts of economic development and Economic growth; characteristics of developing economies; importance and challenges of the development process. Theories of economic growth and development. Education, technological change and Economic development; Growth, Poverty and Income distribution. Economics of population and development; Importance of trade for development. Globalization and its implications for development, Debt burden of developing countries. Governance and developmental experiences in Pakistan; NGOs and Development.

Text Books

1. Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2008). Economic Development. 8th Edition. Singapore: Pearson Education Publisher.

Suggested Readings

1. Jhingan, M.C. (2005). Economics of Development and Planning. New Delhi: Konark Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
2. Meier, G.M. (2005). Leading Issues in Economic Development. New York: Oxford University Press.
3. Zaidi, A.S. (2008). Issues in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
4. Dil, A. (2000). Hunger, Poverty and development (Life and work of Sartaj Aziz). A Ferozsons-Intercultural Forum Publication.
5. www.finance.gov.pk & www.worldbank.org

Course Title: Agricultural Production Economics
Course Code: AGEC-607
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Definition and scope of agricultural production economics; Assumptions of static and dynamic production economics, production relationships, i.e. factor-product relationships, factor-factor relationship and product-product relationships; economic decision making under various production relationships; costs of production, returns to scale, technological change, resource allocation.

Text Books

1. Debertin, D.L (2012). Agricultural Production Economics. 2nd Edition. New York: McMillan Publishing Company.
2. Beatie, B. R. Taylor, C. R., & Myles, W.J. (2009). The Economics of Production. New York: Krieger Publishing Company.

Suggested Readings

1. Doll, J. P. & Orazem, F. (1992). Production Economics: Theory with Applications. 2nd Edition. New York: Krieger Publishing Company.

Course Title: International Economics
Course Code: AGEC-611 (Elective /Minor)
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Concept of International economics and trade. Market integration and challenges; Trade Theories, Free trade versus protectionism, tariff and non-tariff trade barriers, Approaches to the measurement of protection, distortion and comparative advantage, the effects of exchange rates on the agricultural and food sectors, commodity and price instability and terms of trade, international commodity agreements. Balance of payment in Pakistan’s perspective. International migration and remittances.

Text Books

1. Salvatore, D., (2007) International economics. 9th Edition. Wiley Publisher.
2. Krugman, P.R. & Obstfeld, M. (1998). International Economy: Theory and Policy. New York: Addison-Wesley Longman, Inc.

Suggested Readings

1. Appleyard, R.D., Field, A. J. & Cobb, S. 2009. International Economics: 7th Edition, Irwin: McGraw-Hill Publisher.
2. Appleyard, R.D. (2006). International Economics: Trade, Theory and Policy. 3rd Edition. Illinois: Richard D. Irwin Inc.
3. Kindleberger, C.P. International Economics. Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.

Course Title: Econometrics – II
Course Code: AGEC-602
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Overview of issues of multicollinearity, Heteroscedasticity and Autocorrelation; Causes, effects, tests and remedial measures. Model specification issues, limited dependent variables (LPM, Tobit, Logit and Probit Models). Auto regressive and distributed lag models. Time series analysis. Simultaneous equation models and their estimation approaches. Panel Data Analysis.

Text Books

1. Gujrati, D.N. (2009). Essentials of Econometrics. 4th Edition, London: McGraw-Hill.
2. Wooldridge J.M. (2012). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach. 5th Edition. USA: Cengage Learning Publisher.

Suggested Readings

1. Mirar, T.W. (1990). Economic Statistics and Econometrics. New York: McMillan Publishing Co.
2. Ramanathan R. (2001). Introductory Econometrics with Applications. 5th Edition. South-Western College Publisher.
3. Butt A.R. (1999). Least Square Estimation of Econometric Models, Islamabad.

Course Title: Agricultural Issues and Policies of Pakistan
Course Code: AGEC-604
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Overview of Pakistan’s economy and role of Agriculture, major issues and problems in agriculture development of Pakistan. Agricultural Policy, policy goals, Policy instruments, policy formulation, tradeoffs between goals, Land Reforms, land tenure system, Agricultural pricing policies, input-Output pricing policies, Policy of Agricultural Marketing; agro-based industries; Agri-Taxation and subsidies, Agri. Credit and finance policies, trade policies for agricultural commodities, Farm mechanization, Agri. extension, research and educational policies, Irrigation policies of Pakistan, Institutional reforms. Rural development policies; Past policies and their evaluation.

Text Books

1. Ellise, F. (1992). Agricultural Policies in Developing Countries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. Eckert, J. B. (1990). Agricultural Policy Manual: A discussion of Agricultural Policies for Development, Workshop Manual Series No. 2. Published by the directorate of Agricultural Policy and Chemonics International Consulting Division for EAN/Economic Analysis Network Project.

Suggested Readings

1. Naqvi, H.M. & Harold, J. National Conference on Agriculture Policies & Farmers in Pakistan May 19-21, 1992, Proceedings, Academy of Rural Development, Peshawar 1998.
2. Govt. of Pakistan, (1988). Report of the National Commission on Agriculture, Ministry of Food and Agriculture.
3. Knutson, R.D., Penn, J.B. & Bocam, W.T. Agricultural and Food Policy. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall, Inc.
4. Salam, A. (2001). Support Price Policy in Pakistan: Rationale, Practice and Future Options, Agricultural Prices Commission Series No.196.
5. Raza, R. (2001). Pakistan in Perspective (1947-1997). Pakistan: Oxford University Press.

Course Title: Research Methods in Social Sciences
Course Code: AGEC-606
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Foundation of Empirical Research, the scientific approach, the Conceptual foundation of Research, Research Ethics, review of literature and plagiarism; Research proposal and its contents, Sampling and Sample Design, survey methods, observation methods; Data Types, questionnaire construction process; Data collection: Data coding, entry and analysis; univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses; Citation methods, Presentation and dissemination of research results.

Text Books

1. Nachmias, C. F. & Nachmias, D. (2007). Research Methods in the Social Sciences. 7th Edition, London: Worth Publisher.
2. Ethridge, D. E. (2004). Research Methodology in Applied Economics, 2nd Edition, Wiley-Blackwell.

Suggested Readings

1. Baker, T. L. (1998). Doing Social Research. 3rd Editions. London: McGraw-Hill Social Science Series.
2. Vaus, D.A. (1993). Surveys in Social Research. Australia: Allen & Unwin Pvt. Ltd. Goode, W.J & Hatt, P.K. (1999). Methods in Social Research. US: McGraw Hill Inc.

Course Title: Internship and Report Writing
Course Code: AGEC-610
Course Credit Hours: 3(3+0)
Prerequisites: None

Students will be required to undertake internship at various agricultural research organizations, private companies, extension/adaptive/private farms. Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Upon completion of internship / research project, students are required to submit a report and give presentation of internship/research experiment.

Recommanded Books

1. Andrew, C. O. and Hildebrand, P. E. (1993). “Applied Agriculture Research: Foundations and Methodology.” Western Press.
2. Hasmi, N. (1989). “Style Mannual of Technical Writtings.” USAID/NARC, Islamabad.
3. Gimbaled, J. and Acuter, W. S. (1988). “MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers.” The Modern Language Association of America.
4. Little, T. M. and Hills, F. J. (1978). “Agricultural Experimentation.” John Wiley and Sons, New York.
5. Khalil, S.K. and P. Shah. 2007. Scientific Writing and Presentation. Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan.